Koji su najbolji testovi probira za karcinom usne šupljine i stanja koja mogu dovesti do karcinoma? Ključne poruke - Nema dokaza visoke razine pouzdanosti koji bi podržali korištenje testova probira za rak usne šupljine i stanja koja mogu dovesti do raka usta u općoj populaciji. - Liječnici opće dentalne medicine i zdravstveni djelatnici trebali bi paziti na znakove oralnih potencijalno malignih poremećaja i malignih bolesti tijekom obavljanja rutinskih oralnih pregleda za druge uobičajene oralne lezije/stanja. Otkrivanje raka usne šupljine Karcinom usne šupljine (oralni karcinom) ozbiljno...

• Full-time, Part-time or  flexible arrangement
• Remote work with at least a 4 hour workday crossover with the AEST timezone
• AUD$60,000 - $80,000 full time base salary (or paid pro rata for parttime)

Launched in 2014, Covidence is a world leading SAAS platform that enables health and science research teams to rapidly synthesise and uncover actionable insights from the mountains of existing research in the world. Their mission is to dramatically improve lives by changing the way the world creates and uses knowledge. 

They are seeking to grow their global user engagement and support team with a Community Manager based in the Asia-Pacific region. To excel as a Community Manager, you will have excellent interpersonal skills, strong written and verbal communication skills, and be highly organised with proven ability to appropriately prioritise tasks and deliver on time in a busy environment. You will have demonstrated capacity to work independently and with others in a globally distributed team. And importantly, you’ll have proven ability working with online technologies and social media.

• Visit the Covidence website
• View the full job ad
• Apply for the position

 

Monday, December 6, 2021 Category: Jobs

Main area: Editorial; Evidence Based Medicine; Research
Grade: NHS AfC: Band 7
Contract: Fixed term: 9 months (The length of the contract is dependent on the start date; this is a maternity cover position, with the post-holder returning in October 2022)
Hours: Full time - 37.5 hours per week (Part-time hours considered)
Job ref: 321-CORP-MAED-B7
Site: Home-based
Salary: £40,057 - £45,839 Dependent on experience
Closing date: 04/01/2022 23:59
Interview date: 06/01/2022

We would like to invite applications for a Managing Editor (maternity cover) with the Cochrane Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care Review Group (PaPaS CRG). A Managing Editor is responsible for the day-to-day operational management of the CRG editorial base. The ideal applicant will be educated to degree level or above, with managerial, administrative, scientific or publishing experience or equivalent, along with excellent organisational and communication skills. Knowledge of scientific and medical terminology and evidence-based health care is desirable. Familiarity with clinical trials, systematic reviews, or Cochrane would be welcomed.

• This is a full-time remote (home-working) role until October 2022; part-time hours can be considered.
• The closing date is 06 January.
• For more information and how to apply, please visit this page

Monday, December 6, 2021

New online learning is now freely available about Consumer involvement in Cochrane as part of its Evidence Essentials modules.

Cochrane is delighted to announce the launch of a new module Consumer involvement in Cochrane as part of its  Cochrane Evidence Essentials free, online learning.

Written from the perspective of a healthcare consumer and co-created with patients and carers, this learning is for anyone interested in finding out about getting involved in Cochrane, as a patient, a carer, or member of the public (what Cochrane calls consumers).

Topics included in the module include a 'Welcome to Cochrane' section, a description of the different ways to contribute to systematic reviews evidence and to Cochrane, and how to sign-up to get involved. The learning is interactive, with quizzes, animations, and ways to check your knowledge.

This module is the latest in Cochrane’s “Evidence Essentials” that gives an introduction to Evidence Based Medicine, clinical trials, systematic reviews and how to use evidence when making decisions about your health. The modules have been visited over 35,000 times since their launch, and have now been translated into German and Russian, with other languages to follow.

Cochrane’s Consumer Engagement Officer, Richard Morley welcomed the launch of the latest module:

“Cochrane has a long history and commitment to involvement and engagement as an essential part of producing trusted evidence that can be used in making informed decisions and improving health. This latest module in the Evidence Essentials series has been co-designed and produced with consumers and puts into one exciting place all the information you might want to know in order to be a part of our growing global community.”

Lynn Laidlaw and Sally Crowe who facilitated the engagement process and wrote the initial content based on feedback from patients, carers and public, said: “We are very pleased that the final version launched today represents much of the discussion over two workshops.  We feel that this module is more attuned to people that may never have heard of Cochrane before, but are curious and potentially interested in getting involved in the production of Cochrane evidence”.

There are five interactive modules that make up Evidence Essentials: an introduction to Evidence Based Medicine, Randomized Controlled Trials, Introduction to systematic reviews, Understanding and using systematic reviews and the latest, Consumer involvement in Cochrane. The learning journey is led by Eleni, a fictional consumer.

• Modules are free to use, with a Cochrane account and are found at https://training.cochrane.org/essentials

Thursday, December 9, 2021

A World Health Assembly special session to discuss the development of a potential new global health treaty to support pandemic preparedness is taking place this week (29 November – 1 December).

The World Health Assembly is the decision-making body of the World Health Organization (WHO) and is attended by representatives of all Member States.

Our statement, which reiterates the reflections from the recent Cochrane Convenes meetings about the COVID-19 evidence response, is below:

Cochrane is a global advocate for evidence-informed health and health care. Our mission is to produce relevant and timely synthesized evidence.

Building and strengthening systems which are adequately prepared to produce and use reliable, relevant and timely evidence will be crucial to respond to future global health emergencies.

Cochrane recently hosted a convening of high-level stakeholders, co-sponsored by WHO, to reflect on the role of evidence in the COVID-19 pandemic and develop recommendations for future preparedness. The evidence response has been inequitable; our research methods, tools and processes have been pushed to their limits; and we have struggled to communicate uncertainties and gain trust.

Therefore, we urge Member States to ensure that any convention or instrument developed during this process prioritise the production, use and communication of evidence – and is accompanied by sustained investment in the systems and people who perform this vital role.

Our recommendations echo the WHO Evidence-informed Policy Network call for action, which we proudly support.

• Follow the meeting

Tuesday, November 30, 2021

Location: Flexible location (remote working) – contract type dependent on location.
Specifications: 1 Jan to 31 July 2022. Fixed-term contract if successful applicant based in UK, Germany or Denmark. Consultancy contract in other locations.
Hours: Part time 22.5 hours per week.
Salary: £30,000 per annum (pro-rated to part time).
Application Closing Date: Monday 13 December (Midnight GMT).

This role is an exciting opportunity to use your communication and problem-solving skills to make a difference in the field of health care research.  

The Cochrane Support team is the first point of contact for the international Cochrane community. We provide technical and user support to Cochrane editorial teams and review authors; and handle enquiries from members of the public about Cochrane’s work.

We pride ourselves on our timely and coordinated support service, covering a broad range of areas including Cochrane review-writing software, editorial processing and publication, Cochrane Account login, membership, training, and volunteering opportunities.

The team works closely with Cochrane’s Central Editorial Service and Editorial and Methods Department, as well as IT Services, to ensure accurate, consistent responses to queries on Cochrane technology, policies and methods.

Cochrane is a global, independent network of health practitioners, researchers, patient advocates and others, responding to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesizing research findings to produce the best available evidence on what can work, what might harm and where more research is needed. Our work is recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.  The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples. Note that we will assess applications as they are received, and therefore may fill the post before the deadline.

• Deadline for applications: Monday 13 December (12 midnight GMT)
• Interviews to be held on: w/c 20 December 2021 (times to be confirmed)
• If you have any questions or would like an informal chat about the role please contact Lorna via recruitment@cochrane.org
• Apply here

Monday, November 29, 2021 Category: Jobs

Sustavi za kontinuirano praćenje glukoze za praćenje dijabetesa povezanog s cističnom fibrozom Istraživačko pitanje Može li korištenje sustava za kontinuirano praćenje glukoze pomoći osobama s dijabetesom povezanim s cističnom fibrozom (CFD) da bolje upravljaju svojim stanjem? Dosadašnje spoznaje Cistična fibroza (CF) je genetsko stanje koje skraćuje život. Mnogi ljudi s CF također razviju šećernu bolest (dijabetes), a njihova glukoza u krvi ili količina šećera u krvi može porasti do štetnih razina. Čini se da osobe sa CF i dijabetesom imaju češće infekcije prsnog koša i kraći životni vijek...

Liječenje bolova u trbuhu u Crohnovoj bolesti Cilj Cochraneovog sustavnog pregleda Cilj ovog sustavnog pregleda bio je otkriti mogu li različiti oblici liječenja poboljšati simptome boli u osoba s Crohnovom bolešću. Analizirani su podatci iz 14 istraživanja kako bi se odgovorilo na to pitanje. Ključne poruke Na temelju dokaza niske kvalitete, električna stimulacija mozga može poboljšati bol u trbuhu u usporedbi s lažnom stimulacijom mozga. Nejasno je ima li razlike u učinku na bol između prehrane s niskim udjelom FODMAP namirnica (skupine šećera koji se nalazi u hrani) i prehrane koja nema...

Tvari koje se koriste za proširenje šupljine maternice tijekom ambulantne histeroskopije Istraživačko pitanje Cochraneovi autori željeli su utvrditi koja je tvar najbolja za proširenje šupljine maternice tijekom ambulantne histeroskopije. Uspoređena je njihova podnošljivost za pacijente, učestalost nuspojava, prihvatljivost za osoblje koje izvodi zahvat te trajanje zahvata. Dosadašnje spoznaje Maternica je šuplji organ. Histeroskop je medicinski instrument koji se uvodi u maternicu kako bi se mogla vidjeti unutrašnjost šupljine maternice. Kako bi unutrašnjost bila vidljiva, potrebno ju je...

Mogućnosti liječenja neuroendokrinih tumora Istraživačko pitanje U ovom sustavnom pregledu pregledani su dokazi o sigurnosti i učinkovitosti terapija neuroendokrinih tumora (NET) gastrointestinalnog trakta i gušterače. Dosadašnje spoznaje Neuroendokrini tumori su raznolika skupina rijetkih karcinoma koji se mogu pojaviti bilo gdje u tijelu. Međutim, većina neuroendokrinih tumora potječe iz gastrointestinalnog trakta ili gušterače. Postoji mnogo vrsta neuroendokrinih tumora koji se razlikuju u brzini rasta i simptomima. Dok neki neuroendokrini tumori proizvode višak hormona, drugi ne...

Intervencije s ciljem smanjenja pogrešaka u liječenju odraslih u bolničkim uvjetima Dosadašnje spoznaje Neželjeni učinak lijeka (engl. adverse drug event, ADE) je događaj koji se javlja kao rezultat medicinske intervencije vezane za lijek. Neželjeni učinci lijekova su ponekad povezani sa pogreškama u liječenju. Zajedno mogu dovesti do značajne štete, povećati troškove liječenja, te čak dovesti i do smrti. Intervencije usmjerene ka smanjenju pogrešaka u liječenju uključuju usklađivanje lijekova, što je proces usporedbe preporučene terapije sa terapijom koju je pacijent već koristio....

Cochrane is made up of 11,000 members and over 67,000 supporters come from more than 130 countries, worldwide. Our volunteers and contributors are researchers, health professionals, patients, carers, people passionate about improving health outcomes for everyone, everywhere.

Getting involved in Cochrane’s work means becoming part of a global community. The Cochrane International Mobility programme connects successful applicants with a placement in a host Cochrane Group, learning more about the production, use, and knowledge translation of Cochrane reviews. The prgramme offers opportunities for learning and training not only for participants but also for host staff.

In this series, we profile those that have participated in the Cochrane International Mobility Program and learn more about their experiences.

Name: Raphaela Mayerhofer
Location: Stockholm, Sweden
CIM location: Cochrane Austria

How did you first learn about Cochrane?
Cochrane is a household name in my field, it must have been many years ago when I first heard about it

What was your experience with Cochrane International Mobility?
Even though my stay at Cochrane Austria was only four weeks long, I learned incredibly much. To make the most of my time, the team made sure I could join ongoing projects right away. I had the chance to participate in ongoing systematic reviews and rapid reviews, and work on projects assessing evidence synthesis methods. CIM gave me the opportunity to sharpen my skills and fueled my enthusiasm for evidence synthesis.

What are you doing now in relation to your Cochrane International Mobility experience?
I’m currently preparing a workshop to share what I learned with faculty members at my university.

Do you have any words of advice to anyone considering a Cochrane International Mobility experience?
Find a Cochrane Center that specializes in what interests you to make the most of it!

Wednesday, November 24, 2021

Omega-3 masne kiseline za depresiju u odraslih Zašto je ovaj sustavni pregled važan? Veliki depresivni poremećaj (engl. Major depressive disorder, MDD) karakterizira depresivno raspoloženje ili značajno smanjen užitak ili interes za sve aktivnosti, ili oboje. Ima negativan utjecaj na pojedinca i na društvo, često dugoročno. Jedna od mogućih terapija za depresivni poremećaj su n-3 višestruko nezasićene maske kiseline (n-3PUFA), poznate i kao omega-3 masne kiseline, koje se prirodno nalaze u masnoj ribi, nekim drugim plodovima mora, nekim orašastim plodovima i nekim sjemenkama. Različiti...

Liječenje obogaćivanjem okoline za potporu rehabilitaciji nakon moždanog udara i drugih ozljeda mozga koje se s vremenom ne pogoršavaju (ne-napredujuće ozljede mozga) Dosadašnje spoznaje Rehabilitacija pomaže oporavku nakon moždanog udara i drugih ne-napredujućih ozljeda mozga. Međutim, van same terapije, pacijentima može nedostajati stimulansa. Obogaćivanje okoline relativno je novi koncept u rehabilitaciji, u kojem je samo okruženje dizajnirano tako da bude stimulativno i uključuje fizičke, misaone i društvene aktivnosti poput vježbi i igara. Na primjer, dječji vrtić za bebe može biti...

Pružanje informacija za pacijente koji su preživjeli moždani udar i njihove njegovatelje Cilj Cochraneovog sustavnog pregleda Pregledali smo dokaze o učincima pružanja informacija ljudima nakon moždanog udara. To su bili ljudi koji su imali moždani udar ili mini-moždani udar (prolazni ishemijski napad, TIA) ili njihovi njegovatelji, poput prijatelja i obitelji. Pratili smo učinak na njihovo znanje o moždanom udaru i njezi nakon moždanog udara, njihovo raspoloženje i kvalitetu života. Dosadašnje spoznaje Moždani udar je iznenadni gubitak funkcije mozga uzrokovan nedostatkom opskrbe krvlju....

Hormon rasta za in vitro oplodnje (IVF) Cilj sustavnog pregleda Cochraneovi istraživači pregledali su dokaze o uporabi hormona rasta kao dodatku in vitro oplodnji. Dosadašnje spoznaje Tijekom IVF ciklusa, ženama se treba dati gonadotropin kako bi se stimulirali jajnici za proizvodnju jajnih stanica. Teoretski, uporaba hormona rasta može poboljšati učinak gonadotropina. Usporedili smo prednosti i rizike korištenja hormona rasta kod žena podvrgnutih in vitro oplodnji. Lošije rezultate in vitro oplodnje obično imaju starije žene s niskom rezervom jajnika ili žene koje su već bile podvrgnute in...

Bubrežna denervacija za liječenje osoba s visokim tlakom koji je otporan na liječenje Ključne poruke: Ne znamo može li bubrežna denervacija poboljšati rizike za srce, krvne žile i bubrege kod osoba s rezistentnom hipertenzijom. Međutim, bubrežna denervacija može biti učinkovita u snižavanju krvnog tlaka kod osoba s rezistentnom hipertenzijom. Što je rezistentna hipertenzija? Rezistentna hipertenzija je stanje u kojem se visoke razine krvnog tlaka nastavljaju čak i nakon što je nekoliko lijekova za snižavanje krvnog tlaka (antihipertenziva) dano u visokim dozama. Procjenjuje se da 10% do 20%...

Štiti li cjepivo protiv ospica, zaušnjaka, rubeole i varičela (MMRV cjepivo) djecu i izaziva li štetne učinke? Dosadašnje spoznaje Ospice, zaušnjaci, rubeola (njemačke ospice) i varičele (vodene kozice) zarazne su bolesti koje uzrokuju virusi. Najčešće su u djece i mladih odraslih osoba. Nisu uvijek ozbiljne, ali mogu uzrokovati invaliditet (poput gluhoće), komplikacije i smrt. Ako se trudnice zaraze rubeolom, bolest može uzrokovati pobačaj ili naštetiti nerođenom djetetu. Cjepivo je lijek koji sprječava zarazu određenom bolešću. MMR cjepivo (engl. measles, mumps, rubella, MMR, cjepivo za...

Trebaju li se makrolidi koristiti za liječenje kronične astme? Glavni zaključak: postojeći dokazi upućuju na korisne učinke makrolida u usporedbi s placebom za smanjenje egzacerbacija koje zahtijevaju hospitalizaciju i teških egzacerbacija bolesti (definiranih kao egzacerbacije koje zahtijevaju posjet hitnoj službi/liječenje sistemskim steroidima). Učinak makrolida na druge važne kliničke ishode kao što su simptomi mjereni upitnicima i funkcija pluća još uvijek je nejasan. Dosadašnje spoznaje Astma je kronična bolest u kojoj upala dišnih puteva dovodi do kašljanja, zviždanja i problema s...

In this interview with lead author Christopher Gibbons, we find out more about the recently published review,  Routine provision of information on patient-reported outcome measures to healthcare providers and patients in clinical practice.

Tell us about this review
The aim of this Cochrane Review was to find out whether healthcare workers who receive information from questionnaires completed by their patients give better health care and whether their patients have better health. We collected and analysed all relevant studies.

What did you find out?
Patient questionnaire responses fed back to health workers and patients may result in moderate benefits for patient\provider communication and small benefits for patients' quality of life. Healthcare workers probably make and record more diagnoses and take more notes. The intervention probably makes little or no difference for patient's general perceptions of their health, social functioning, and pain. There appears to be no impact on physical and mental functioning, and fatigue. Our confidence in these results is limited by the quality and number of included studies for each outcome.

What was studied in the review?
When receiving health care, patients are not always asked about how they feel, either about their physical, mental or social health. This can be a problem as knowing how the patient is feeling might help to make decisions about diagnosis and the course of the treatment. One possible solution is to ask the patients to complete questionnaires about their health, and then give that information to the healthcare workers and to patients.

What are the main results of the review?
We found 116 studies (49,785 participants), all of which were from high income countries. We found that feeding back patient questionnaire responses to healthcare workers and patients probably slightly improves quality of life and increases communication between patients and their doctors, but probably does not make a lot of difference to social functioning. We are not sure of the impact on physical and mental functioning or fatigue of feeding back patient questionnaire responses as the certainty of this evidence was assessed as very low. The intervention probably increases diagnosis and note taking. We did not find studies reporting on adverse effects defined as distress following or related to Patient reported outcomes measures (PROM) completion.
 
What would you like to see happen next to provide more evidence in this area?
I would like to see more large, high quality, cluster randomized clinical trials that increase the evidence base for the intervention that use Computerized Adaptive Testing in the measurement of patient reported outcomes. In these interventions, the information which is fed-back combines standardized and individualized measurement, these randomize patients and clinicians to different modalities of feed-back interventions and recipients (including patient only, patient and professional, professional only).

Outcomes of interest include:

• adverse effects
• general health perceptions,
• specific symptoms, (cough, insomnia, nausea, anorexia, constipation, diarrhoea),
• clinicians ratings of severity,
• counselling,
• different types of visits, admissions and their length,
• patient physician relationship,
• unmet patient needs,
• quality of care and costs;
• and that focus on people with multimorbidity

Further research on the mechanisms by which the intervention operates is needed.

• Read the review in full
• Visit the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group page 

Wednesday, November 24, 2021