Tuesday, March 14, 2023

Botulinski toksin za liječenje strabizma Ključne poruke Zbog nedostatka čvrstih dokaza, nisu sigurni korisni i štetni učinci botulinskog toksina u usporedbi s operacijom za liječenje strabizma. Cilj Cochraneovog sustavnog pregleda Cilj je bio utvrditi je li za liječenje strabizma bolji botulinski toksin od operacije. Također se željelo utvrditi je li botulinski toksin povezan s nuspojavama. Što je strabizam? Strabizam nastaje kada oči nisu usklađene. Obično je smjer otklona jednog oka prema nosu ili prema sljepoočnici. Otklon je rjeđe prema gore ili dolje. Strabizam se također naziva...

Terapija za liječenje majmunskih boginja Cilj Cochraneovog sustavnog pregleda Ne postoje lijekovi licencirani isključivo za liječenje majmunskih boginja, no neki lijekovi koji jesu licencirani za liječenje sličnih virusnih infekcija, poput malih boginja, odobreni su za liječenje majmunskih boginja tijekom epidemije. Učinci tih lijekova još nisu proučavani u randomiziranim ispitivanjima kod osoba oboljelih od majmunskih boginja. Randomizirana ispitivanja uključuju najmanje dvije skupine za liječenje, jednu koja je primala lijek i jednu koja je primala placebo, u kojima su ispitanici nasumično...

Koji su korisni, a koji štetni učinci antibiotika za akutni bakterijski konjunktivitis? Ključne poruke Topikalni antibiotici mogu poboljšati znakove i simptome, kao i ukloniti bakterije kod ispitanika s akutnim bakterijskim konjunktivitisom. Međutim, neki antibiotici mogu izazvati nuspojave na očima ili kapcima; ne postoje dokazi koji upućuju na to da antibiotici uzrokuju neželjene učinke u drugim dijelovima tijela. Što je akutni bakterijski konjunktivitis? Akutni bakterijski konjuktivitis stanje je u kojem tanki sloj preko bijelog područja i unutarnje sluznice kapaka jednog ili oba oka...

Individualno prilagođene aktivnosti u dugotrajnoj skrbi za osobe s demencijom Koje su prednosti aktivnosti prilagođenih interesima i sklonostima osoba s demencijom koje žive u domovima za starije i nemoćne osobe? Što je proučavano u ovom sustavnom pregledu? Osobe s demencijom koje žive u domovima za starije i nemoćne često imaju puno slobodnog vremena. Aktivnosti koje su im dostupne možda im neće biti značajne. Kada bi osoba s demencijom imala priliku sudjelovanja u aktivnostima koje odgovaraju njezinim osobnim interesima i sklonostima, to bi moglo dovesti do bolje kvalitete života, smanjiti...

 

The Cochrane Review 'Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses' was published in January 2023 and has been widely misinterpreted.

Karla Soares-Weiser, Editor-in-Chief of the Cochrane Library, has responded on behalf of Cochrane:

  

Many commentators have claimed that a recently-updated Cochrane Review shows that 'masks don't work', which is an inaccurate and misleading interpretation.

It would be accurate to say that the review examined whether interventions to promote mask wearing help to slow the spread of respiratory viruses, and that the results were inconclusive. Given the limitations in the primary evidence, the review is not able to address the question of whether mask-wearing itself reduces people's risk of contracting or spreading respiratory viruses. 

The review authors are clear on the limitations in the abstract: 'The high risk of bias in the trials, variation in outcome measurement, and relatively low adherence with the interventions during the studies hampers drawing firm conclusions.' Adherence in this context refers to the number of people who actually wore the provided masks when encouraged to do so as part of the intervention. For example, in the most heavily-weighted trial of interventions to promote community mask wearing, 42.3% of people in the intervention arm wore masks compared to 13.3% of those in the control arm. 

The original Plain Language Summary for this review stated that 'We are uncertain whether wearing masks or N95/P2 respirators helps to slow the spread of respiratory viruses based on the studies we assessed.' This wording was open to misinterpretation, for which we apologize. While scientific evidence is never immune to misinterpretation, we take responsibility for not making the wording clearer from the outset. We are engaging with the review authors with the aim of updating the Plain Language Summary and abstract to make clear that the review looked at whether interventions to promote mask wearing help to slow the spread of respiratory viruses.

• Read  the Cochrane Review 'Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses'

Friday, March 10, 2023

Specifications: Permanent – Full Time
Salary: £55,257 (Paid in DKK, as per market exchange rate) per annum
Location: Copenhagen, Denmark
Directorate: Publishing & Technology
Closing date: March 24 2023
 
Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters from more than 220 countries. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into five directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

As software development team lead, you will manage an Agile/Scrum software development team (3 developers, 1 test engineer) who develop web applications that accelerate the production of systematic reviews of health evidence. You will support the team in their work, coordinate with product owners on timelines, and contribute to software testing within the team as needed to ensure sprint goals are met.

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everting we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust.  

You can expect: 

• An opportunity to truly impact health globally  
• A flexible work environment  
• A comprehensive onboarding experiences
• An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.
• The deadline to receive your application is 24 March 2023.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples. 
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement

Friday, March 10, 2023 Category: Jobs

Eskalacija doze u kurativnom liječenju muškaraca s klinički lokaliziranim karcinomom prostate Cilj sustavnog pregleda Usporedba više i niže doze zračenja u terapiji karcinoma prostate ograničenog na žlijezdu. Dosadašnje spoznaje Liječenje karcinoma prostate uključuje kirurško liječenje, radioterapiju, hormonsku terapiju i kemoterapiju. Radioterapija (RT) je metoda koja koristi visokoenergetske zrake za uništavanje stanica karcinoma. Takozvana radioterapija s eskalacijom doze koristi više doze zračenja nego „uobičajena“ (konvencionalna) RT kako bi učinkovitije uništila tumorske stanice, ali...

A number of stipends and bursaries are available to help consumers and other attendees based in developing countries to attend Cochrane Colloquium London 2023. This is our 30th annual flagship event and this year it will take place at Queen Elizabeth II (QEII) Centre in London from 4th to 6th September 2023, and Satellite events on 3rd September.

Stipends and bursaries represent funding you can apply for, if you are eligible, that are intended to help cover registration and other expenses associated with attending the 2023 Colloquium.

Cochrane is providing stipends for:

1. Cochrane Consumers
2. individuals living in low-lower-middle, (LMIC) and upper-middle-income countries (UMIC)

The deadline for applying is 24 April 2023 and winners will be notified 22 May 2023.

Find out whether you are eligible and how to apply

Tuesday, March 7, 2023

Monday, March 6, 2023

Strategije za bolje pridržavanje kelaciji željeza u osoba s anemijom srpastih satnica ili talasemijom Cilj sustavnog pregleda Željeli smo saznati postoje li intervencije (lijekovi, psihološke ili edukacijske intervencije) koje bi pomogle osobama da se pridržavaju svojoj terapiji kelacije željeza. Dosadašnje spoznaje Osobe s anemijom srpastih stanica ili talasemijom, koje redovito primaju transfuzije, izložene su preopterećenju željezom koje može dovesti do toksičnosti za organe i smrti. Kelacija željeza se koristi kako bi se spriječilo ili liječilo opterećenje željezom, ali može biti težak...

Intervencije za sprječavanje i liječenje bolesti bubrega kod IgA vaskulitisa (Henoch-Schönleinova purpura) Što je proučavano u ovom sustavnom pregledu? IgA vaskulitis (IgAV), poznat kao Henoch-Schönleinova purpura, uzrokuje upalu malih krvnih žila kod djece i rijetko kod odraslih osoba. Simptomi i znakovi uključuju kožni osip u obliku malih crvenih točkica i većih modrica, osobito na stražnjici i nogama, bolove u trbuhu, bolove i oticanje zglobova, a povremeno i krvarenje iz crijeva. Otprilike kod trećine djece zahvaćeni su i bubrezi, što dovodi do pojave krvi i proteina u urinu prilikom...

Specifications: Fixed Term – 1 Year
Salary: £35,000 per annum  
Location: Ideally based in the UK, Germany or Denmark. Candidates from the rest of the world will be considered; however, Cochrane’s Central Executive Team is only able to offer consultancy contracts outside these countries (1-year fixed-term contracts)
Directorate: Evidence Production & Methods
Closing date: 13 March, 2023
 
Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters from more than 220 countries. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into five directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

The Future of Evidence Synthesis (FES) is a critical programme of work for Cochrane over the next 3-5 years. Successful delivery is essential for Cochrane's future and sustainability. A core component of the new production model is the creation of Cochrane Evidence Synthesis Units and Thematic Groups. This role will work closely with the Head of Change Management, to create, launch and manage the initial application process for Evidence Synthesis Units and a second application round for Thematic Groups and help to manage the initial stages of the pilots.

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everting we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust.  

You can expect: 

• An opportunity to truly impact health globally  
• A flexible work environment  
• A comprehensive onboarding experiences
• An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.
• The deadline to receive your application is 13th March, 2023.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples. 
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement

Monday, February 27, 2023

Koje su dobrobiti i rizici različitih životnih stilova i promjena u ishrani kod Ménièreove bolesti? Ključne poruke Zbog nedostatka čvrstih dokaza nije jasno djeluju li promjene u načinu života ili ishrane koje se koriste za liječenje Ménièreove bolesti na poboljšanje simptoma kod ljudi, unatoč njihovom rutinskom korištenju u kliničkoj praksi. Isto tako ne znamo postoje li rizici koji su povezani sa ovim intervencijama. Potrebna su opsežnija, dobro provedena istraživanja kako bi se utvrdilo mogu li promjene u načinu života ili u prehrani biti učinkovite i procijeniti imaju li štetne učinke....

Koje su koristi i rizici davanja kortikosteroida izravno u uho kod Ménièreove bolesti? Ključne poruke Zbog nedostatka čvrstih dokaza, nije jasno djeluju li kortikosteroidi koji se daju u uho (intratimpanični kortikosteroidi) na poboljšanje simptoma kod osoba s Ménièreovom bolešću. Također nije jasno postoje li rizici povezani s liječenjem. Potrebna su veća, bolje provedena istraživanja kako bi se otkrilo je li ovakva vrsta liječenja učinkovita te postoje li neželjeni učinci. Uz to, trebalo bi razraditi strategiju kako najbolje mjeriti simptome oboljelih od Ménièreove bolesti. Strategija bi...

Udlage za sindrom karpalnog kanala Istraživačko pitanje Cilj ovog Cochraneovog sustavnog pregleda bio je procijeniti korisne i štetne učinke udlaga za zapešća u usporedbi s nikakvim liječenjem ili drugim vrstama liječenja kod osoba sa sindromom karpalnog kanala (SKK). Dosadašnje spoznaje SKK je zdravstveno stanje kod kojeg su komprimirana dva glavna živca u ručnom zglobu. To može dovesti do bola u ruci i zapešću, kao i do utrnulosti i žarenja u palcu, kažiprstu i srednjem prstu. Teška kompresija za posljedicu može imati gubitak mišića ruke i gubitak spretnosti ruke. SKK je učestaliji kod...

Koristi i rizici primjene gentamicina izravno u uho kod Ménièreove bolesti Ključne poruke Zbog nedostataka čvrstih dokaza nije jasno poboljšava li antibiotik gentaminicin (primijenjen unutar uha; intratimpanično) simptome kod osoba s Ménièreovom bolešću. Također nije jasno postoje li rizici povezani s tim oblikom liječenja. Potrebna su velika, kvalitetno osmišljena istraživanja kako bi se otkrilo je li ovakva vrsta liječenja učinkovita te postoje li neželjeni učinci. Uz to, trebalo bi razraditi strategiju kako najbolje mjeriti simptome oboljelih od Ménièreove bolesti. Strategija bi trebala...

Progestinski intrauterini uređaji u usporedbi s bakrenim intrauterinim uređajima za hitnu kontracepciju Zašto je ovaj sustavni pregled važan? Ovaj sustavni pregled važan je zato što postoji malo dostupnih opcija za hitnu kontracepciju (HK). Bakreni intrauterini ulošci (Cu‐IUD) su najučinkovitija metoda za hitnu kontracepciju koja je trenutno dostupna, ali niska je stopa njihove upotrebe i usvajanja. Pregledali smo medicinsku literaturu kako bismo vidjeli je li intrauterini uložak s levonorgestrelom (LNG-IUD) jednako učinkovit kao i druge metode za HK. Kad bi se pokazalo da je jednako...

Koje su prednosti i rizici terapije pozitivnim tlakom za Ménièreovu bolest? Ključne poruke Zbog nedostatka čvrstih dokaza, nije jasno djeluje li terapija pozitivnim tlakom na poboljšanje simptoma u osoba s Ménièreovom bolešću. Nismo pronašli informacije o tome može li ovaj oblik liječenja uzrokovati neželjene događaje. Potrebne su veća, dobro provedena ispitivanja kako bi se utvrdilo može li terapija pozitivnim tlakom biti učinkovita i kako bi se osiguralo da nema štetnih učinaka liječenja. Također je potrebno raditi na metodama mjerenja simptoma osoba s Ménièreovom bolešću, kako bi se...

Watch videos from the recent event held by Cochrane PaPaS

For 23 years the Cochrane Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care (PaPaS) group has been delivering the gold standard in evidence synthesis in the field of pain management, palliative and supportive care and supporting the community towards better methods and standards in pain clinical trials and systematic reviews. As their funding comes to an end, they highlighted and celebrated their contribution with an event, called ‘Truth, Integrity and the Future of Pain Evidence’ at the Wellcome Collection in London, UK.  It was a chance to reflect on what has been discovered, where we continue to face important challenges, and how we might move toward a future of trusted evidence to guide better pain care globally.

Dr. Neil O’Connell, Cochrane PaPaS Editor explains the importance of the event; “Working in evidence synthesis we can achieve a “birds-eye” view of the evidence ecosystem in our field, including its problems. Pain in clinical practice and patient care is often poorly served by an evidence architecture containing multiple structural weaknesses. These issues span pre-clinical research, clinical trials, and systematic reviews, and impact upon developing clinical guidelines. Clinical practice in pain management frequently diverges from the evidence, or evolves in the absence of evidence, driven by individual and organisational vested interests, market forces, fashion, and demand from people with pain. In our event, we heard from a range of established and emerging leaders in the field to better understand the challenges and to consider how we create better solutions.”

Talks at the meeting highlighted a range of challenges to the quality and trustworthiness of pain evidence across the pipeline, from pre-clinical through to evidence synthesis, and focused on approaches to improving that picture through better methods, open science practices, interdisciplinary working and partnership with people with lived experience of pain. There was an exceptional range of speakers and leaders in terms of discipline, perspective, and career stage. The audience was also diverse, representing clinicians across many disciplines, researchers, people with pain, editors, and publishers. It was a great day, with comments from one attendee saying it was their most thought-provoking event of the year.

• Read about the events of the day on Twitter under #PaPaSPain2022
• Watch videos from the event

Wednesday, February 22, 2023