Konzervativne intervencije za liječenje urinarne inkontinencije nakon operacije prostate Ključne poruke - Kod muškaraca koji imaju urinarnu inkontinenciju nakon operacije prostate, kombinirani nefarmakološki i nekirurški oblici liječenja mogu malo utjecati na kontinenciju, kvalitetu života ili broj muškaraca koji su doživjeli nuspojave kao posljedicu intervencija. - Dokazi o tome ima li trening mišića dna zdjelice u kombinaciji s biofeedback terapijom ikakav učinak na inkontinenciju ili kvalitetu života nisu pouzdani, a nisu pronađeni dokazi koji procjenjuju električnu stimulaciju za ključne...

Monday, April 17, 2023

Cochrane's flagship event, the Cochrane Colloquium,  brings together anyone with an interest in the use of evidence in healthcare decision-making to learn, collaborate, and network. The impact of the Cochrane Colloquium goes beyond the scientific program. For many attendees, it is a life-changing experience that inspires them, connects them with like-minded individuals, and broadens their perspectives.

We already collect stories from the Cochrane Community about how they got involved with Cochrane. This edition of  #MyCochraneStory invites anyone who attended a past Cochrane Colloquium to share their personal stories and reflections on the event. Whether you have a favourite Colloquium moment, a connection you made,  or something you're proud of presenting  - we want to hear from you! 

To share your #MyCochraneStory please contact Lydia Parsonson - lparsonson@cochrane.org - with the following:

• 1-4 photos from past Colloquiums. Please provide a caption for each photo you share. We'll be sharing them as a collage in the news item but may like to share them individually with some context on social media. 
• Your country of residence: Our community is diverse and we want to celebrate this!
• Your Cochrane Story: We want to hear about what your favourite Colloquium memories are and what you think makes the event memorable. 
• Social media handles: We will give your Twitter or Instagram account a tag; just let us know your handles!

Top-left: Cochrane Rehabilitation in Cape Town. Middle: Cochrane Rehabilitation dinner in Edinburgh. Top-right: Cochrane Rehabilitation spaghetti dinner in our Cape Town apartment. Bottom-left: Cochrane Rehabilitation approved by the Governing Board in Seoul. Bottom-right: On the hotel roof terrace during the curfew in Santiago de Chile.

Prof. Stefano Negrini – “Cochrane Rehabilitation was approved at the colloquium in Seoul where Carlotte Kiekens and I participated. Since the start we have been a global collaboration and many representatives from Cochrane Rehabilitation can meet almost exclusively at Colloquia. It’s a great time for us to meet, learn, talk business and have some fun. The days of the Colloquium are filled with meetings, interesting sessions, lots of learning, and networking with new people. And in the evenings we find time to connect with the colleagues of our group and old friends! Beyond the many other moments with Fields representatives and other Cochrane friends, the highlights of Cochrane Rehabilitation included having a Spaghetti dinner in our apartment in Cape Town and going out for dinner together in Edinburgh. Our team is counting down the days to London and looking forward to see you there!”

Richard Morley - "Patients, caregivers and the public (what Cochrane calls consumers) are an integral part of the Cochrane...as well at the Colloquium! I remember the first Patients Included certified event in Edinburgh, and it was an incredibly meaningful and special experience for everyone involved. Patients, advocates, and caregivers felt truly included, and attendees were able to see the direct impact of their work. It's with great pride that I share that this year's Colloquium will be a Patients Included certified event for the second time. This means that patients and caregivers will be actively involved in shaping the program, and that their perspectives and needs will be fully considered throughout the event. It's a true testament to Cochrane's commitment to putting patients at the centre of everything we do, and I can't wait to see the positive impact it will have on all attendees!"

Sabrina Khamissa - "As Cochrane's Event Support Officer, what strikes me most about the Colloquium is the personal touches the host organizing team adds to make it special. From traditional dances to local cuisine, the team highlights the host country's culture, making the event more than just a typical academic conference. This year, I'm excited to see the small details the team has added to decrease the conference's environmental impact, such as venue choice and offering vegetarian food options. The Cochrane Colloquium is a unique opportunity to connect with the evidence synthesis community, learn from experts, and be part of an event that values diversity and sustainability."

Roses Parker - "My first and only Cochrane Colloquium was Santiago in 2019, and I’m still benefiting from the relationships I built there. The program is impressive and deciding what not to go to will be the most difficult thing. As Cochrane's new Commissioning Editor, I am attracted to anything with an equity focus as well as having an interest in priority setting, and stakeholder engagement sessions.  I’m excited to meet my team face-to-face as we’ve not had that opportunity so far. There have been many people I’ve already collaborated with but never met in person. And of course, I’m looking forward to meeting new people too and forging relationships that will support my role in the future.”

Muriah Umoquit - "In 2015, I attended my first Cochrane Colloquium in Vienna with the expectation of a typical academic conference. But I was pleasantly surprised by the unique and inspiring experience that awaited me! From the large plenary sessions to smaller research presentations and poster halls, each Colloquium has something for everyone. More than that, it provides opportunities to connect with experts in evidence synthesis, feel part of the Cochrane Community, and engage in social activities that showcase the host country's culture. As a remote worker, I found it meaningful to connect with people whom I normally only exchange emails with or tag on social media. Everyone is enthusiastic, friendly, and proud to contribute to Cochrane's important work. The Anne Anderson Walk is a beloved tradition that I look forward to at each Colloquium. It's an event where we tour the host city, have some social time, and raise money for the special Anne Anderson Prize. If you're looking for a conference that's more than just another ordinary event, the Cochrane Colloquium in London this year is not to be missed!"

 To share your #MyCochraneStory, please contact Lydia Parsonson - lparsonson@cochrane.org - with the following:

• 1-4 photos from past Colloquiums. Please provide a caption for each photo you share. We'll be sharing them as a collage in the news item but may like to share them individually with some context on social media. 
• Your country of residence: Our community is diverse and we want to celebrate this!
• Your Cochrane Story: We want to hear about what your favourite Colloquium memories are and what you think makes the event memorable.
  Social media handles: We will give your Twitter or Instagram account a tag; just let us know your handles!

Tuesday, August 22, 2023

Registration is open for the Cochrane Colloquium, which will take place in London from 4th to 6th September 2023, with satellite events on 3rd September. Cochrane is offering stipends and bursaries to help cover travel and accommodation costs for those who might otherwise be unable to attend, including participants from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

The Colloquium will provide an opportunity for individuals to network with other like-minded professionals, share knowledge and expertise, and engage in discussions around evidence-based healthcare. Cochrane believes that by offering these stipends and bursaries, it will be able to attract a diverse group of participants, who will bring with them a range of perspectives and experiences that will enrich the event. 

We spoke to Sabrina Khamissa, Cochrane’s Event Support Officer, about Colloquium stipends and bursaries.

What inspired Cochrane to offer stipends and bursaries for individuals from low- and middle-income countries to attend the Colloquium?

“Cochrane is committed to promoting diversity and inclusion within its network and recognizes the importance of making its events accessible to individuals from all backgrounds. The organization understands that individuals from low and middle-income countries may face financial barriers that prevent them from attending the Colloquium and wants to help alleviate those barriers by offering stipends and bursaries. This is a long tradition at Cochrane and we have been offering this for many years.

We are also delighted to have TDR sponsor a limited number of bursaries. TDR is the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, and is a global programme of scientific collaboration that helps facilitate, support and influence efforts to combat diseases of poverty. It is co-sponsored by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the World Bank and the World Health Organization (WHO).”

How will Cochrane ensure that the stipends and bursaries are distributed fairly and equitably?

“Cochrane has set out clear criteria for eligibility for the stipends and bursaries, and the LMIC Stipend Committee will assess applications based on those criteria. The committee is made up of members who reside in low- or middle-income countries or who are familiar with the practical issues and challenges faced by applicants. They will be mindful of ensuring that the stipends and bursaries are distributed fairly and equitably and will prioritize applicants who demonstrate a clear interest in evidence-based healthcare and who are members of the Cochrane network.”

What kind of activities can attendees expect at the Colloquium?

“Attendees can expect to engage in a range of activities, including interactive sessions, presentations, and workshops. The Colloquium will provide an opportunity for individuals to network with other like-minded professionals, share knowledge and expertise, and engage in discussions around evidence-based healthcare. It’s an excellent opportunity to tap into the global network of Cochrane colleagues! I am personally excited for the social evening event we are planning and the ‘take a break’ floor – there are lots of small touches that are going to make this a unique event for everyone to enjoy!

Check out this video from May Loong Tan. She received a stipend to attend the 2018 Colloquium and shares her experience.”

 How does Cochrane hope that attendees from low- and middle-income countries will contribute to the Colloquium?

“Cochrane’s global network is made up of 50+ countries. Cochrane believes that by promoting the attendance of individuals from low- and middle-income countries, it will bring a range of perspectives and experiences that will enrich the event and will help to foster a more diverse and inclusive community of individuals committed to evidence-based healthcare.” 

If you are interested in attending the Cochrane Colloquium and would like to apply for a stipend or bursary, please visit the Colloquium website for more information and to submit your applications soon! We look forward to welcoming you to London in September 2023!

Friday, April 14, 2023

Suplementi polinezasićenih masnih kiselina (PUFA) za poremećaj pažnje i hiperaktivnost (ADHD) kod djece i adolescenata Što je ADHD? Poremećaj nedostatka pozornosti i hiperaktivni poremećaj (engl. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD) čest je problem koji pogađa djecu i adolescente. Oni koji su pogođeni mogu imati problema s koncentracijom, osjećati se nemirno ili djelovati impulzivno. Kao rezultat ovih poteškoća, ADHD može uzrokovati dugoročne socijalne, akademske i mentalne probleme. Lijekovi su najčešće korišteni za ADHD, ali nisu uvijek učinkoviti i mogu izazvati neželjene...

Koje su dobrobiti i rizici farmakoloških intervencija za liječenje svrbeža kod odraslih pacijenata u sustavu palijativne skrbi? Pruritus ili svrbež jedan je od najzagonetnijih simptoma uznapredovalih neizlječivih bolesti koji može uzrokovati priličnu neugodnost kod pacijenata. Pruritus, čije se podrijetlo temelji na raznim čimbenicima, može biti simptom raznih patofiziologija. Osobito tijekom posljednjeg desetljeća, klinička promatranja i kontrolirana ispitivanja mnogo su pomogla u razumijevanju i liječenju pruritusa, osobito kod bolesti jetre, uremije i drugih vrsta kroničnog pruritusa....

Jesu li izravni oralni antikoagulansi (lijekovi koji razrjeđuju krv) bolji od tradicionalnih antikoagulansa za liječenje plućne embolije (krvni ugrušak u plućima)? Što je plućna embolija? Plućna embolija (PE) nastaje kada se komadić krvnog ugruška odvoji od ugruška negdje drugdje u tijelu i putuje krvlju do pluća. To može biti stanje opasno po život i javlja se kod otprilike 4 do 12 na 10,000 ljudi. Čimbenici rizika za razvoj PE uključuju prethodne embolije ili tromboze u anamnezi, dugotrajno mirovanje (npr. putovanje avionom ili mirovanje u krevetu), tumore, izloženost estrogenima...

Je li opća ili loko-regionalna anestezija bolja za osobe kojima je potreban endovaskularni popravak aneurizme aorte? Ključne poruke - autori nisu pronašli niti jedno randomizirano kontrolirano istraživanje koje bi dalo odgovor na postavljeno pitanje - postoji potreba za visokokvalitetnim dokazima kako bi se usporedile prednosti i mane opće anestezije naspram loko-regionalne za osobe kojima je potreban endovaskularni popravak aneurizme aorte Što je aneurizma aorte? Kada promjer arterija ili vena naraste iznad određene veličine, to se naziva aneurizmom. Aneurizme koje nastavljaju rasti iznad...

 At Cochrane, we aim to collaborate and create reliable synthesized evidence, making it accessible to all. We are dedicated to promoting access and the widest possible dissemination of our valuable evidence.

We're now making some big improvements to help continue that mission, by changing the way we share the data that is associated with Cochrane Reviews. Making data available to everyone is at the heart of our core principles. It opens opportunities for collaboration, reduces research waste, makes systematic reviewing more efficient, and ensures transparency and quality.

We are confident that these changes will improve the systematic review process by enabling easier re-use of data across Cochrane Reviews, meaning less time and effort being duplicated. It will also make it easier for users and decision-makers to access and examine the relevant data they need and use it to impact policy.

"I am confident that improving how we share data will appeal to our community of rigorous, passionate researchers. By embracing these new changes, we can to maximise the benefits from the investment in developing Cochrane Reviews, for both authors and users of our evidence .”

- Ella Flemyng, Cochrane Editorial Product Lead

 

“This is a really exciting milestone for Cochrane. This new data format facilitates data re-use, not only in RevMan but other tools too, such as Excel and different statistical packages. It also opens up opportunities for how we can use the data to innovate to best meet our stakeholder needs."

- Gert van Valkenhoef, Head of IT Development and Infrastructure

 Summary: 

• Cochrane is changing the way we share data in a bid to promote collaboration, reduce research waste and ensure quality by making Cochrane Review data more accessible. 
• From 25 April, data associated with Cochrane Reviews can be downloaded from RevMan Web in standard formats, such as CSV and RIS.
• This new data package will include not only analysis data but also all other data associated with the Review related to the included studies, risk of bias assessments, and references.
• As Reviews with this data package are published, it will increase the impact of Cochrane’s Reviews and allow researchers, policymakers, practitioners and others to access and use Cochrane evidence more easily.
• We plan to continue making changes and improvements to pave the way for further innovation, with the potential to improve evidence and patient care.

 What is changing?

From 25 April, changes to RevMan Web mean that authors will be able to download all available data files associated with a Cochrane Review in user-friendly formats like CSV and RIS. These downloadable files will include the Review's analyses data, along with other data associated with the Review - such as study characteristics, study data, risk of bias data and references. But that’s not all – once published, readers of the Cochrane Library will also be able to explore the data associated with the Review. All you have to do is select the 'Download statistical data' option on published Reviews and you'll have all the information you need at your fingertips.

Going forward, this data package will be available with new publications on the Cochrane Library under the same license as the associated Review (‘green’ or ‘gold’). This will of course be reassessed as part of Cochrane’s commitment to move to full open access by 2025.

For Cochrane Reviews published before this change, a conversion service will be available to convert the current downloadable RevMan 5 analyses files into the standard, easily reusable format.

What does it mean for you? 

Authors: We believe these changes are good news for Cochrane authors because they mean that your published Reviews are going to have an even bigger impact. According to extensive research, sharing data leads to increased visibility, usage and impact of your research. This will help your hard work be seen and heard by everyone out there. We also know from our funders that better data sharing is increasingly becoming a key requirement in this area. And this way, RevMan automatically structures and organizes the data so you don’t have to.

Readers and end users: Unlocking data and information has now been made even easier for our users by our new shareable data. With our more streamlined and accessible Reviews, researchers, policymakers, practitioners and other user groups are now able to find the information they need to make impactful decisions.

What’s next?

With this new approach, we aim to make reusing Cochrane Reviews more efficient and effective. Our mission is to increase the visibility and discovery of research data, promote transparency and ensure our information and data can be reproduced. It is the start of Cochrane’s journey towards FAIR principles - Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reuse - of data, which will open up new opportunities for how we can innovate with Cochrane evidence.

Further information:

• Data sharing editorial policy on the Cochrane Library
• Cochrane's FAQs on data sharing
• This is a fundamental step and is all about sharing reusable data so we can pave the way for improved evidence and patient care, as described in Cochrane’s  Linked Data Project

Thursday, May 4, 2023

Koliko su učinkoviti lijekovi koji se koriste za liječenje napadaja vestibularne migrene? Ključne poruke Nije jasno jesu li lijekovi učinkoviti u liječenju napadaja vestibularne migrene. Malo je istraživanja koja su procijenila moguće dobrobiti i štete uzimanja lijekova u vrijeme napadaja. Dostupna istraživanja su mala, a rezultati neuvjerljivi. Potreban je daljnji rad u ovom području kako bi se utvrdilo postoje li neki tretmani koji se mogu koristiti za ublažavanje simptoma napadaja vestibularne migrene. Što je vestibularna migrena? Migrena (ponekad poznata kao 'klasična migrena') je često...

Tehnike pročišćavanja dišnih puteva u usporedbi s tehnikama bez pročišćavanja dišnih puteva kod pacijenata s cističnom fibrozom Pitanje sustavnog pregleda Koji su učinci korištenja bilo koje tehnike pročišćavanja dišnih puteva u usporedbi s nekorištenjem iste za čišćenje viška sluzi iz pluća osoba s cističnom fibrozom? Dosadašnje spoznaje Pluća oboljelih od cistične fibroze stvaraju pretjeranu količinu sluzi. To dovodi do ponavljajućih infekcija i oštećenja plućnog tkiva. Čišćenje sluzi uz pomoć lijekova i tehnika pročišćavanja dišnih puteva (fizioterapija) od iznimne je važnosti. Postoje...

Koliko su učinkoviti tretmani bez lijekova za sprječavanje napadaja vestibularne migrene? Ključne poruke Nije jasno je li bilo koji od ovih tretmana učinkovit u sprječavanju napadaja vestibularne migrene. Malo je istraživanja procijenilo moguće dobrobiti i štete korištenja ovih tretmana za njihovo sprječavanje. Pronađena su istraživanja bila mala, a rezultati neuvjerljivi. Što je vestibularna migrena? Migrena (ponekad poznata kao 'klasična migrena') učestalo je stanje koje uzrokuje ponavljajuće glavobolje. Vestibularna migrena slična je pojava, a glavni simptomi uključuju ponavljajuće...

Visoke doze kofeina u usporedbi sa standardnim dozama kofeina u nedonoščadi pod rizikom od bolesti pluća Ključne poruke • Iako se kofein obično daje prerano rođenoj djeci, nije jasno koja je najučinkovitija doza. • Veće doze kofeina mogu poboljšati disanje i dugoročni razvoj, ali potencijalno imaju neželjene učinke. Zašto davati kofein prerano rođenim bebama? Novorođenčad rođena prerano (nedonoščad), osobito prije 28 tjedana trudnoće, ima veći rizik od smrti, bolesti pluća i oštećenja mozga od one rođene u terminu ili blizu njega. Na primjer, neke od tih beba razvijaju intelektualne teškoće,...

Koliko su učinkoviti i sigurni sistemski opioidi za kontrolu i liječenje postoperativne boli kod novorođenčadi? Istraživačko pitanje Koliko su sistemski opioidi učinkoviti i sigurni za smanjenje boli kod novorođenčadi nakon operacije? Dosadašnje spoznaje Novorođenčad (bebe u prva četiri tjedna nakon rođenja) može biti podvrgnuta operaciji (ili operacijama) ili kirurškim zahvatima. Bebe osjećaju bol kao i odrasli, a ta se bol mora kontrolirati (smanjiti) nakon operacije. Opioidi su lijekovi za ublažavanje bolova. Kodein i morfin primjeri su opioida. Opioidi djeluju u interakciji s opioidnim...

Lijekovi protiv bolova, osim opioida, za liječenje boli kod beba podvrgnutih bolnim postupcima Ključne poruke • Autori nisu pronašli dovoljno dokaza o lijekovima protiv bolova koji nisu opioidi za ublažavanje boli kod beba podvrgnutih bolnim postupcima. Pronašli su samo dva mala istraživanja u kojima je uspoređen lijek protiv bolova (ketamin) ili s drugim lijekom protiv bolova (opioidom) ili sa slatkom otopinom. • Potrebna su veća istraživanja o različitim lijekovima protiv bolova kako bi se omogućilo bolje razumijevanje korisnih i štetnih učinaka različitih lijekova protiv bolova i najbolji...

Farmakološke opcije liječenja boli u donjem dijelu leđa kod odraslih osoba: pregled svih Cochraneovih sustavnih pregleda Ključne poruke Za akutne bolove u donjem dijelu leđa • Nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi i mišićni relaksansi djelomično ublažavaju bol, no mišićni relaksansi mogu biti povezani s neželjenim učincima. Paracetamol nije imao utjecaja na bol ili na neželjene učinke. Za kroničnu bol u donjem dijelu leđa • Opioidi mogu ublažiti bol, ali oni mogu biti povezani i s neželjenim učincima. Nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi smanjuju bol bez neželjenih učinaka, a antidepresivi malo ili...

Koje su prednosti i rizici hipertonične fiziološke otopine putem nebulizatora za liječenje dojenčadi s akutnim bronhiolitisom u usporedbi s normalnom otopinom soli? Ključne poruke U usporedbi s nebuliziranom normalnom fiziološkom otopinom, nebulizirana hipertonična fiziološka otopina može skratiti boravak dojenčadi s akutnim bronhiolitisom u bolnici za gotovo 10 sati; može poboljšati 'ocjene kliničke težine', koje liječnici koriste za procjenu ozbiljnosti bolesti; i može smanjiti rizik od hospitalizacije za 13% kod djece koja se liječe ambulantno ili u hitnoj službi. Pronađene su samo manje...

Monday, April 3, 2023

Fizioterapija prsnog koša za akutni bronhiolitis kod djece mlađe od dvije godine Ključne poruke Fizioterapija prsnog koša koja se temelji na tehnikama sporog izdisaja može smanjiti ozbiljnost bolesti kod djece s umjereno teškim akutnim bronhiolitisom. Što je akutni bronhiolitis i koja je uloga fizioterapije prsnog koša u tom stanju? Akutni bronhiolitis je virusna respiratorna infekcija koja se često javlja kod djece mlađe od dvije godine. Većina djece ima blaži oblik bolesti te ne zahtijeva specifično liječenje ili hospitalizaciju. Međutim, oni s umjerenim ili teškim oblikom bolesti mogu...

Antidepresivi za liječenje depresije u osoba oboljelih od raka Ključne poruke Ovaj sustavni pregled otkrio je potencijalno blagotvoran učinak antidepresiva u odnosu na placebo (tvar bez terapijskog učinka) kod depresivnih osoba oboljelih od raka. Međutim, dokazi nisu pouzdani i teško je izvući jasne zaključke. Korištenje antidepresiva kod osoba oboljelih od raka potrebno je razmotriti za svakog pojedinog bolesnika. Što je proučavano u ovom sustavnom pregledu? Depresija je česta kod osoba oboljelih od raka. Često su simptomi depresije normalna reakcija ili izravan učinak tako teške i životno...